Wolf Subspecies - Progenitor of Dogs [
Top ]
Wolf subspecies: profiles,
photographs of several wolf subspecies mentioned as possible ancestors of early dogs
including the Indian wolf [Canis lupus pallipes], one of the smallest gray wolves, and the
Arabian wolf [Canis lupus arabs], the smallest of all wolves, just 26 inches tall.
Also Eurasia wolf, Eurasian tundra wolf.
Worldwide status of wolf species:
with maps showing former and current ranges for subspecies often said to be
related to domestic dogs, including the Arabian wolf, Eurasian wolf and Indian wolf, and
more on wolf status
with maps showing current and former habitats and listings of subspecies by country
Wolf subspecies worldwide:
brief profiles for numerous subspecies, and selected photos for various
subspecies including for these smaller wolves:
· Arabian
Wolf or Canis lupus arabs
· Indian Wolf
or Canis lupus pallipes
· Tibetan Wolf
or Canis lupus laniger, also called Canis lupus chanco, also
the wolf species of China and Mongolia
Wolf
populations worldwide: with maps and charts showing the subspecies for
different countries, including China, India, Israel. More on wolf subspecies:
· Arabian
Wolf and Arabian Wolf,
and Arabian
Wolf in Egypt
· Grey Wolf with
photos showing color and size variation
· Indian Wolf biology, with new
research showing no genetic links between
the Indian
Wolf or the Himalayan Wolf and the dogs of India, suggesting early
domestic dogs were brought to India from elsewhere
Modern wild dogs: including
Ethiopian wolf, dhole, more, with comments on wolf subspecies potentially ancestral to
domestic dogs
Domestication of Dogs
[ Top ]
Dog
origins earlier than thought: genetic research puts the start of dog
domestication earlier than the dates obtained via archaeology, according to research
by Robert Wayne and colleagues
Dogs domesticated near China:
about 15,000 years ago, says Peter Savolainen and
colleagues, asserting that dogs were first domesticated in East Asia. Their work was based
on work comparing Old World dog and wolf genes, and finding greater canine genetic
diversity in Asia, indicating a greater time span had allowed more mutations and genetic
changes to occur
Role
of thyroxine in dog pre-domestication [pdf] from wild dogs, wolves
Multiple
interbreeding of female dog lineages occurred during domestication, and it is
possible that domestic dogs diverged from five female wolf lineages
Origins of the domestic dog:
what traits separate wolf from dog? Shorter muzzle and smaller teeth are
two. Yet wolf and dog are almost indentical genetically.
Early dogs found in
Russia: the oldest evidence of dog domestication -- ancient skulls with
shorter jaws -- has been found in the area of western Russia called Bryansk, near Ukraine
and Belarus. Found with bones of reindeer, mammoth and Arctic fox, the skulls are
estimated to be 14,000 years old or more.
Early dogs found in Israel:
in northern Israel, at the Natufian culture site called Ein Mallaha, the
articulated bones of a young dog or wolf puppy dated to some 12,000 years ago, were found
under the left hand of a human skeleton, suggesting an important relationship and perhaps
early domestication.
Dogs evolved to read human cues:
and other recent research on the early phases of dog domestication, and details
on how Brian Hare conducted the studies that show dog do better than wolves
and better than chimpanzees too in using human cues to find hidden food
Domestic dogs
from Asia entered the New World: with the earliest people to cross the Bering
Strait region, and more about this influential
research that used ancient dog
remains from Peru, Boliva, Mexico and Alaska, discovering ancient New World dogs were more
like Asian wolves than North American wolves
Primitive Dogs, Pariah Dogs [ Top ]
"Almost Universal Primitive
Type of Dog": dingos, Asian pariah dogs and the Carolina dogs are
said to share a so-called “long-term pariah morphotype” or LTPM with the dogs
typically 35-45 pounds in weight and 20-25 inches tall
Dingo, Carolina Dog
& the First Dogs: can these unique dogs -- from Australia and North Carolina -- be
related?
Curled-tail dogs of ancient
Egypt: dogs with curled tails reminiscent of the basenji and pariah dog
found on 4,000 years old limestone stela
Pariah dogs
around the world look much alike: pariah dogs are semi-tame canids that
typically live on the fringe of human settlements from Egypt and Israel to India to
southeast Asia and Australia. North America's Carolina dogs compared with Australia's
dingos, pariah dogs of India and Egypt, Bedouin Canaan dogs of Israel.
Pariah dogs of the
world: photo gallery allows comparison of the pariah dogs of Egypt and
India; Bedouin dogs, feral Canaan dogs and domestic Canaan dogs of Israel; Dingos of
Australia; and Carolina dogs of North America.
Primitive dog breeds:
article and list of such ancient and related breeds as the Dingo and the Telomian,
and more on Dingo &
Pariah breeds as well as photos of 8
breeds including the Canaan Dog and Telomian and larger ones of these:
· Indian
Pariah Dog
· Indian
Santal Dog
· New
Guinea Singing Dog
· Africa's Basenji
Basenji & Pariah breeds:
Africa's ancient pariah dog, the basenji shares traits with natural dogs
such as the dingo and New Guinea singing dog, and more on the origin and history of the Basenji including
photos of early imports. Note the wrinked forehead. While the breed is often ginger
colored, import Phemister's Congo
was piebald [white with tan patches]. The ancient presence of this dog type in Egypt is
seen in the fact that Egyptian hieroglyphs for dog
look like Basenjis or pariahs.
Canaan Dog
origin in pariah dogs: the pariah dogs of the Middle East -- living as
feral dogs is Israel's Negev Desert -- provided the genetic stock for development of the
breed in the 20th century. Evidence of this dog type -- spots and all -- can be
found in drawings in the tomb of Beni-Hassan
in Egypt dated to 2000 B.C. And a photo of Dugma, the first dog in the
Canaan Dog Registry.
Canaan Dog
Type Established: Dr. Rudolphina Menzel established the breed from
Israel's pariah dogs - with chart of pariah dog head types, and more about using Type
III pariah dogs for the breed, and differences with mixed breed dogs
Canaan Dog History and
more details plus photos of this natural breed and a
series of photo galleries featuring:
· Canaan Dogs of the Bedouin:
ginger, black or black and white
· Semi-wild Canaan
Dogs of Israel: Negev Desert,
white
· Pariah Dogs in Israel:
short animated slide show
· Canaans today around the
world and more photo galleries
Canaan Dog: a feral
canine until the late 1930s, this breed was established in Israel. Text and photos
explain the correct look for the Canaan dog including:
· body in profile
as well as coat
colors
· head shape &
expression
· ear shape, size &
set compared to German Shepherd, Siberian Husky
· tail shape &
set
Canaan Dog in
ancient Spitz family: the world's pariah dogs belong to the spitz
family, from North America, Europe, Middle East and Africa to Iran, south-east Asia and
Australia, and a brief
history.
Carolina Dogs:
so-called dingoes of North America, perhaps the companions
of the first Americans, and another
look at this possibly ancient dog.
Genetic
research underway on these dogs, a Carolina Dog profile in Dog
Fancy, and an article from Smithsonian
Magazine including the basic mtDNA results as well as the "great arc of the red dog"
and role of thyroxine
in domestication
Dingo: a look at
the southeast Asian origins of this pariah dog of the aborigines of Australia, and photos
of dingos from western, southeastern and southern Australia, and the dingo's
physical characteristics including colors ranging from cream to sandy yellow to ginger to
black with tan and white markings, seen in photos
Dingo:
the ancient dog of Asia and Australia, arrived "Down Under" more
recently than once thought, likely 5,000 years ago, and
their lack of genetic diversity suggests few dingoes, maybe one pregnant female,
made the trip from Asia.
Dingo
distribution in southeast Asia is explained. Is the dingo wild or feral? And a
dingo photo &
profile plus more on the dingo
Jindo
of Korea: a native dog of Korea, said to be purebred on Jindo Island, a
breed with varied appearances, with some Jindo
dogs reminiscent of dingos while other Jindo dogs
remind one of Shiba Inu. View the full photo gallery.
This breed is also called Chindot-kae
or Chin-do Island Dog, a valued hunting dog, and a feature article on Chindo
Dog - Proud Korean Breed [pdf]
Jindo Type: Head:
which is the Jindo, Dingo, Kishu or the Ainu Dog also called Hokkaido?
Learn more about Korea's Jindo
and the Jindo as a serious dog
Korea's Jindo
& Sapsaree: genetic research links these two native breeds with the
next closest being the Eskimo dog, and a look at the Pungsan Dog, a native
spitz-type dog of North Korea, including a photo gallery of
these white- or cream- colored dogs slightly larger than the Jindo, with more about the Poongsan Dog
as well as the story and photos of Poongsan
puppies given at the North Korea/South Korea Summit
New
Guinea Singing Dog: pariah dog of the native people of New Guinea,
known for its distinctive yodel, and a photo gallery
featuring adults and puppies, and a photo of an NGSD
showing the typical ginger-colored coat, white-tipped tail and black shading on the
muzzle, and more on the history
of this "living fossil"
New Guinea Singing Dog:
a profile with photos, and another NGSD profile
and a detailed look at the New
Guinea Singing Dog including its range, behavior, reproduction and more, plus
more photos
and another singing dog photo.
Tahltan Bear Dog: pariah
dog of the native people of British Columbia, Canada, with sketch and history of this now
extinct breed
Telomian:
pariah dog of the aboriginal people of Malaysia, with photo and breed history, and
a photo of a Telomian
in a photo gallery of other Dingo/Pariah dogs, and a standard
for the breed
Thai Bangkaew Dog - said to be 100 years old, but of
ancient spitz type, and its breed standard,
more Bangkaew pictures, a larger photo, puppies
[Thai text]
Thai
Ridgeback Dog: evolved from the pariah dogs of southeast Asia
Progenitor Breeds [
Top ]
Researcher envisions 10
"progenitor breeds": they are the ancestors for the key dog
types of today.
10 dog breed groupings:
sight hounds, scent hounds, working and guard, toy and companion, northern,
flushing spaniels, "water spaniel/retrievers, pointers, terriers, and herding dogs.
In this theory, the progenitor breeds
include:
· Canaan dog type
for herding dogs, plus discussion of the origins of pointers,
terriers and toys
· greyhound
for the sighthound breeds, hunters in the desert
· Irish water spaniel for
the spaniel and retriever group
· mastiff
for defending dog breeds like the Rottweiler, Saint Bernard
· Norwegian elkhound
for northern breeds like Alaskan malamutes, Keeshonds,
Samoyeds.
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